function [A_el,F_el] = cal_Melm_1D_b(iel,gradP,U);
//
   global CONNEC COOR NUMER ADRESS UC Nelt Nno Npt NI;
   global XG PG Ng;
//
   zero = 0.001;
   x  = COOR(CONNEC(iel,:),1)
   
   A_el = zeros(Nno,Nno); F_el = zeros(Nno,1);

   U_el= U(ADRESS(iel,:));

   jac = (x(2) - x(1))/2.;

   for ig=1:Ng    //  boucle pour l'integration numerique
      xg = XG(ig);
//
      [FP,DxiFP] = P2(xg);
      DxFP = DxiFP/jac;
      
      gradU = U_el'*DxFP;
      gp = abs(gradU);

      mu = cal_mu(gp);
      mup = sign(gradU)*cal_Dmu(gp);

      for i=1:Nno
         F_el(i) = F_el(i) + PG(ig)*( gradP*FP(i) ...
                                    - mu * gradU  * DxFP(i) ) *jac;
;
         for j=1:Nno
            A_el(i,j) = A_el(i,j) +  ...
                        PG(ig)* (mu  * DxFP(j) * DxFP(i) + ...
                                 mup*DxFP(i)* gradU *DxFP(j) ) * jac;
         end;
      end;
   end;
endfunction

